Evaluation of Blue Light Hazard of Luminaires by Spline Function Fitting

Shikang Zhou; Jin Du; Shan Li; Xing Wen; Xiaoliang He

doi:doi:10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12

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Evaluation of Blue Light Hazard of Luminaires by Spline Function Fitting

Shikang Zhou, Jin Du, Shan Li, Xing Wen, Xiaoliang He

Published in Optics (Volume 9, Issue 1)

Received: 25 October 2020 Accepted: 30 November 2020 Published: 4 December 2020

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Abstract

White LEDs are usually excited by blue light. The wide spread use of LED table lamps, made people pay more and more attention to blue light hazard of luminaires. In fact, blue light harms human retina only if irradiation exceeds a certain limit. The problem is therefore to precisely characterize the blue light hazard of a luminaire. In general, blue light hazard is amenable to measurements, but the corresponding detection schemes are complex and expensive. In order to overcome this issue, we put forward a mathematical fitting method to evaluate blue light hazard. It consists of fitting the spectrum of a lamp using spline functions to obtain the lamp brightness. At the same time, spline function approach is also used to obtain the weight function expression of blue light hazard starting from data listed in IEC/EN62471. Finally, a blue light hazard function with wavelength as an independent variable is introduced. The damage due to blue light exposure may be then evaluated by integrating this function. In this way, as long as the absolute light power spectrum of a luminaire is known, quantification of blue light hazard may be directly obtained without measurements. Our method provides a convenient technique to evaluate and analyze the safety level of lamps before production. In order to assess the reliability of our method, we use it to evaluate the blue light hazard of two lamps, which belong to IEC/EN62471 safety level RG0 and RG1 respectively. Results are in good agreement with those measured by authoritative departments. In this way, evaluation of blue light hazard may be obtained by the knowledge of absolute physical properties of the source, a feature which definitely provides an optional approach to assess the photobiological safety of LED lamps.

Published in	Optics (Volume 9, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12
Page(s)	8-12
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Blue Light Hazard, Photobiological Safety, LED Lamp, Spline Function Fitting

References

[1]	ZHANG Yuemin QIAO Gengxin, Photobiological Safety of blue light in LED lighting [J]. China Light & Lighting, 2013, 6: 2-3.
[2]	Photobiological safety of lamps and lamp systems: IEC62471: 2006 [S]. IEC, 2006.
[3]	Luminaires-Part 1: General requirements and tests: IEC 60598-1: 2014 [S]. IEC 2014.
[4]	IEC TR 62778: 2014. Application of IEC 62471 for the assessment of blue light hazard to light sources and luminaires [S].
[5]	GB 7000.1: 2015/IEC60598-1: 2014. [5] General requirements and tests for luminaires [S].
[6]	Chen Huiting Cai Zhe Wu Xiaochen Peng Zhenjian Huang Jun, Photobiological Safety Test and analysis of high power LED street lamp [J], China Illuminating Engineering Journal, 2011, 26 (6), 88-96.
[7]	KONG Qiangqiang; SONG Peng; WANG Meixia; TAN Chen, Photobiological Safety Test and analysis of LED lamps [J], 2014, 10 (38-42).
[8]	Yu Jiandong, Testing and evaluation of Photobiological Safety [D], Master's thesis of Zhejiang University. 2006, 5.
[9]	Jung, Myoung & Yang, Seok-Jun & Yuk, Ju & Oh, Sang-Young & Kim, Chang-Jin & Lyu, Jungmook & Choi, Eun. (2015). Evaluation of Blue Light Hazards in LED Lightings [J]. Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society. 20. 293-300.
[10]	Yang, C.-P & Fang, W.-Q & Liu, M.-B & Li, C. & Zhang, M.-L & Han, X. & Liu, Y.-F & Dai, W.-L. (2018). A Visualization Evaluation Method for Blue Light Hazard and Circadian Effect of Light Source [J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis. 38. 3476-3482.
[11]	CIE 127-2007. Measurements of LEDs [S].
[12]	ZHU Chunhong, YU Tingyu, CHEN Wencong, MAI Yong,(2016). Application Analysis of IEC 62778 on National Compulsive Standard of Luminare [J], China Illuminating Engineering Journal, 27, 122-126.
[13]	Popular science in China Science Encyclopedia entry compilation and application project group, Spline function [R], Baidu Encyclopedia (updated on January 20, 2018).
[14]	SANSE Co., Ltd, Zhejiang University, photobiosafety testing system training materials [OL], 2019, 11, 19 p30.
[15]	Private communication: The actual comparison of the error of blue light weighted radiation value measured by different domestic companies for the same lamp has reached more than 30% [Z], June 2020.

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APA Style

Shikang Zhou, Jin Du, Shan Li, Xing Wen, Xiaoliang He. (2020). Evaluation of Blue Light Hazard of Luminaires by Spline Function Fitting. Optics, 9(1), 8-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12

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ACS Style

Shikang Zhou; Jin Du; Shan Li; Xing Wen; Xiaoliang He. Evaluation of Blue Light Hazard of Luminaires by Spline Function Fitting. Optics. 2020, 9(1), 8-12. doi: 10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12

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AMA Style

Shikang Zhou, Jin Du, Shan Li, Xing Wen, Xiaoliang He. Evaluation of Blue Light Hazard of Luminaires by Spline Function Fitting. Optics. 2020;9(1):8-12. doi: 10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12

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@article{10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12,
  author = {Shikang Zhou and Jin Du and Shan Li and Xing Wen and Xiaoliang He},
  title = {Evaluation of Blue Light Hazard of Luminaires by Spline Function Fitting},
  journal = {Optics},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8-12},
  doi = {10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.optics.20200901.12},
  abstract = {White LEDs are usually excited by blue light. The wide spread use of LED table lamps, made people pay more and more attention to blue light hazard of luminaires. In fact, blue light harms human retina only if irradiation exceeds a certain limit. The problem is therefore to precisely characterize the blue light hazard of a luminaire. In general, blue light hazard is amenable to measurements, but the corresponding detection schemes are complex and expensive. In order to overcome this issue, we put forward a mathematical fitting method to evaluate blue light hazard. It consists of fitting the spectrum of a lamp using spline functions to obtain the lamp brightness. At the same time, spline function approach is also used to obtain the weight function expression of blue light hazard starting from data listed in IEC/EN62471. Finally, a blue light hazard function with wavelength as an independent variable is introduced. The damage due to blue light exposure may be then evaluated by integrating this function. In this way, as long as the absolute light power spectrum of a luminaire is known, quantification of blue light hazard may be directly obtained without measurements. Our method provides a convenient technique to evaluate and analyze the safety level of lamps before production. In order to assess the reliability of our method, we use it to evaluate the blue light hazard of two lamps, which belong to IEC/EN62471 safety level RG0 and RG1 respectively. Results are in good agreement with those measured by authoritative departments. In this way, evaluation of blue light hazard may be obtained by the knowledge of absolute physical properties of the source, a feature which definitely provides an optional approach to assess the photobiological safety of LED lamps.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Blue Light Hazard of Luminaires by Spline Function Fitting
AU  - Shikang Zhou
AU  - Jin Du
AU  - Shan Li
AU  - Xing Wen
AU  - Xiaoliang He
Y1  - 2020/12/04
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12
T2  - Optics
JF  - Optics
JO  - Optics
SP  - 8
EP  - 12
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7810
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12
AB  - White LEDs are usually excited by blue light. The wide spread use of LED table lamps, made people pay more and more attention to blue light hazard of luminaires. In fact, blue light harms human retina only if irradiation exceeds a certain limit. The problem is therefore to precisely characterize the blue light hazard of a luminaire. In general, blue light hazard is amenable to measurements, but the corresponding detection schemes are complex and expensive. In order to overcome this issue, we put forward a mathematical fitting method to evaluate blue light hazard. It consists of fitting the spectrum of a lamp using spline functions to obtain the lamp brightness. At the same time, spline function approach is also used to obtain the weight function expression of blue light hazard starting from data listed in IEC/EN62471. Finally, a blue light hazard function with wavelength as an independent variable is introduced. The damage due to blue light exposure may be then evaluated by integrating this function. In this way, as long as the absolute light power spectrum of a luminaire is known, quantification of blue light hazard may be directly obtained without measurements. Our method provides a convenient technique to evaluate and analyze the safety level of lamps before production. In order to assess the reliability of our method, we use it to evaluate the blue light hazard of two lamps, which belong to IEC/EN62471 safety level RG0 and RG1 respectively. Results are in good agreement with those measured by authoritative departments. In this way, evaluation of blue light hazard may be obtained by the knowledge of absolute physical properties of the source, a feature which definitely provides an optional approach to assess the photobiological safety of LED lamps.
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Shikang Zhou

Shanghai Sansi Electronic Engineering Technology Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
Jin Du

Shanghai Sansi Electronic Engineering Technology Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
Shan Li

Shanghai Sansi Electronic Engineering Technology Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
Xing Wen

Shanghai Sansi Electronic Engineering Technology Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
Xiaoliang He

Shanghai Sansi Electronic Engineering Technology Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Shikang Zhou, Jin Du, Shan Li, Xing Wen, Xiaoliang He. (2020). Evaluation of Blue Light Hazard of Luminaires by Spline Function Fitting. Optics, 9(1), 8-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12

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ACS Style

Shikang Zhou; Jin Du; Shan Li; Xing Wen; Xiaoliang He. Evaluation of Blue Light Hazard of Luminaires by Spline Function Fitting. Optics. 2020, 9(1), 8-12. doi: 10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12

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AMA Style

Shikang Zhou, Jin Du, Shan Li, Xing Wen, Xiaoliang He. Evaluation of Blue Light Hazard of Luminaires by Spline Function Fitting. Optics. 2020;9(1):8-12. doi: 10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12,
  author = {Shikang Zhou and Jin Du and Shan Li and Xing Wen and Xiaoliang He},
  title = {Evaluation of Blue Light Hazard of Luminaires by Spline Function Fitting},
  journal = {Optics},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8-12},
  doi = {10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.optics.20200901.12},
  abstract = {White LEDs are usually excited by blue light. The wide spread use of LED table lamps, made people pay more and more attention to blue light hazard of luminaires. In fact, blue light harms human retina only if irradiation exceeds a certain limit. The problem is therefore to precisely characterize the blue light hazard of a luminaire. In general, blue light hazard is amenable to measurements, but the corresponding detection schemes are complex and expensive. In order to overcome this issue, we put forward a mathematical fitting method to evaluate blue light hazard. It consists of fitting the spectrum of a lamp using spline functions to obtain the lamp brightness. At the same time, spline function approach is also used to obtain the weight function expression of blue light hazard starting from data listed in IEC/EN62471. Finally, a blue light hazard function with wavelength as an independent variable is introduced. The damage due to blue light exposure may be then evaluated by integrating this function. In this way, as long as the absolute light power spectrum of a luminaire is known, quantification of blue light hazard may be directly obtained without measurements. Our method provides a convenient technique to evaluate and analyze the safety level of lamps before production. In order to assess the reliability of our method, we use it to evaluate the blue light hazard of two lamps, which belong to IEC/EN62471 safety level RG0 and RG1 respectively. Results are in good agreement with those measured by authoritative departments. In this way, evaluation of blue light hazard may be obtained by the knowledge of absolute physical properties of the source, a feature which definitely provides an optional approach to assess the photobiological safety of LED lamps.},
 year = {2020}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Blue Light Hazard of Luminaires by Spline Function Fitting
AU  - Shikang Zhou
AU  - Jin Du
AU  - Shan Li
AU  - Xing Wen
AU  - Xiaoliang He
Y1  - 2020/12/04
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12
T2  - Optics
JF  - Optics
JO  - Optics
SP  - 8
EP  - 12
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7810
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.optics.20200901.12
AB  - White LEDs are usually excited by blue light. The wide spread use of LED table lamps, made people pay more and more attention to blue light hazard of luminaires. In fact, blue light harms human retina only if irradiation exceeds a certain limit. The problem is therefore to precisely characterize the blue light hazard of a luminaire. In general, blue light hazard is amenable to measurements, but the corresponding detection schemes are complex and expensive. In order to overcome this issue, we put forward a mathematical fitting method to evaluate blue light hazard. It consists of fitting the spectrum of a lamp using spline functions to obtain the lamp brightness. At the same time, spline function approach is also used to obtain the weight function expression of blue light hazard starting from data listed in IEC/EN62471. Finally, a blue light hazard function with wavelength as an independent variable is introduced. The damage due to blue light exposure may be then evaluated by integrating this function. In this way, as long as the absolute light power spectrum of a luminaire is known, quantification of blue light hazard may be directly obtained without measurements. Our method provides a convenient technique to evaluate and analyze the safety level of lamps before production. In order to assess the reliability of our method, we use it to evaluate the blue light hazard of two lamps, which belong to IEC/EN62471 safety level RG0 and RG1 respectively. Results are in good agreement with those measured by authoritative departments. In this way, evaluation of blue light hazard may be obtained by the knowledge of absolute physical properties of the source, a feature which definitely provides an optional approach to assess the photobiological safety of LED lamps.
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download